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Anusim (, ; singular male, Anús, (ヘブライ語:אָנוּס) ; singular female, Anusáh, (ヘブライ語:אָנוּסָה) , meaning "Coerced (Jews )") is a legal category of Jews in ''halakha'' (Jewish law) who were forced to abandon Judaism against their will, typically while forcibly converted to another religion. The term "anusim" is most properly translated as the "coerced ()" or the "forced ()". The religious legal terms ''anús/anusáh/anusim'' is applied to those Jews who were forced to abandon Judaism against their will. Depending on the specific Jewish responsa being followed by a Jewish community receiving Anusim, the category of Anusim can also be applied to the first, second, and up to third, fourth, and at most fifth generation descendants of the initial forced converts. In all cases, the categorization as Anusim is conditional on their continuing to do whatever was/is in their power to continue practicing Judaism under the forced conditions. Any subsequent generations of descendants of Anusim fall under the separate religious legal category of Bnei Anusim, meaning "Children (the ) Coerced ()". ==Etymology== The term Anusim derives from the Talmudic phrase ''averah b’ones'' ((ヘブライ語:עבירה באונס)),〔Talmud, Abodá Zará 54a〕 meaning "a forced transgression." The Hebrew ''ones'' (pronounced "oh'nes") derives from the triconsonantal root א-נ-ס (Aleph-Nun-Samekh), and originally referred to any case where a Jew has been forced into any act against his or her will. In Modern Hebrew, the word ''ones'' can also mean rape. The term ''anús'' is used in contradistinction to ''meshumad'' (), which means a person who has voluntarily abandoned the practice of Jewish law in whole or part. The forced converts were also known as ''cristianos nuevos'' (Spanish) or ''cristãos-novos'' (Portuguese); or ''Marrano'', which had and still has today a pejorative connotation in Spanish. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Anusim」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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